💊 What it does
Ginkgo biloba is one of the most extensively studied herbal medicines. Its active compounds (flavone glycosides and terpene lactones including ginkgolides and bilobalide) improve cerebral blood flow, act as antioxidants, inhibit platelet aggregation, and modulate neurotransmitter activity. The strongest clinical evidence is for improving symptoms of mild-to-moderate dementia (including Alzheimer's and vascular dementia) and age-related cognitive decline. There is also evidence for tinnitus, peripheral arterial disease, and altitude sickness.
👤 Who needs it
Older adults experiencing memory decline or early dementia symptoms. People with tinnitus — evidence for Ginkgo is moderate but it is one of the better-studied natural approaches. Those with peripheral arterial disease (poor circulation to the legs). Healthy adults seeking cognitive enhancement — evidence is less clear in this group.
🥦 Food sources first
Ginkgo biloba is not available as a food. The leaf extract used in supplements contains concentrated active compounds not present in culinary preparations.
🗓 When to supplement
For age-related cognitive decline or mild dementia support alongside conventional management. For tinnitus. For peripheral circulation. Consistent use over 8-12 weeks needed to assess effects.
🏷 Best form to look for
EGb 761 is the gold standard extract — standardised to 24% flavone glycosides and 6% terpene lactones, and used in most major clinical trials. Generic ginkgo extracts should be standardised to the same specification.
⏰ When to take it
With meals. Twice daily dosing (morning and evening) maintains more consistent blood levels than once daily.